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2019特色作物生产机械化论坛召开!你关心的问题都在这里
2019-10-31
22:35:55
来源:农机网原创 作者:林言 阅读量:47412
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导读:10月31日下午,由中国农业机械流通协会主办、中国农业机械流通协会特色作物机械分会承办、云南省农业机械研究所协办的2019特色作物生产机械化论坛在青岛世博城会议中心举办。会议邀请了山东农业大学机电学院国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系农机化研究室侯加林教授、西南大学工程技术学院丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室谢守勇教授(主任)、云南省农业机械研究所产品事业部部长(工程师)杨云福、四川省农业科学院蚕业研究
【农机网 热点关注】 我国农业经过多年发展,当前主要粮食农作物生产机械化率已接近70%,但是,特色农作物由于种植规模小、品种复杂等多方面原因,其机械化发展一直处于短板。然而,特色农作物恰恰是农民致富增收的重要手段,因此,加快特色农作物生产机械化研究与发展是当前我国农业全面发展的重要任务。
10月31日下午,由中国农业机械流通协会主办、中国农业机械流通协会特色作物机械分会承办、云南省农业机械研究所协办的2019特色作物生产机械化论坛在青岛世博城会议中心举办。会议邀请了山东农业大学机电学院国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系农机化研究室侯加林教授、西南大学工程技术学院丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室谢守勇教授(主任)、云南省农业机械研究所产品事业部部长(工程师)杨云福、四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所研究室主任青学刚等专家,云南省农机研究所所长杨俊敏主持会议。
会上,侯加林教授首先针对《大蒜
播种机关键技术与装备创新》作了汇报。侯教授首先对我国大蒜生产现状作了介绍:大蒜一直是我国的传统优势和特色产业,我国是世界上大的大蒜生产和出口国,大蒜产业在蔬菜产业发展中占有非常重要的地位,中国大蒜常年生产面积维持约1200万亩,并逐年增长,占世界大蒜生产面积的60%以上。然而大蒜生产属于劳动和技术密集型产业,人工成本高、机械化程度低。侯教授表示,开展大蒜生产机械化技术研发、创新和产业化开发,积极推动大蒜产业对推动区域农业结构调整、促进主产区农民增收、农业增效具有十分重要的意义。
山东农业大学机电学院国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系农机化研究室侯加林教授
目前,大蒜机械化生产过程中,种植和收获是机械化发展薄弱的两个环节,尤其是播种环节,目前国内高校、科研机构和企业对大蒜
播种机械研究虽取得了一些研究成果,但是由于大蒜播种有鳞芽朝上直立种植的特殊农艺要求,单粒取种、鳞芽方向控制和直立播种三大关键技术还不成熟,多数处于试验完善阶段,但大蒜直立播种机在山东实现了从无到有的突破。
侯教授对其团队与部分农机企业合作研制的几款大蒜直立播种机做了技术和适用范围方面的介绍,并对单粒取种、扶正装置、插播装置等三大关键技术做了详细介绍以及研发过程中克服的种种难题。
侯教授针对未来我国大蒜机械化发展提出了几点建议:加强农机农艺深度融合,因地制宜制定规范化种植制度;加强大蒜生产机械化的战略规划和顶层设计,突破关键共性技术;促进“全程机械化+全面机械化”发展;提高自动化、智能化和信息化程度;提高机械通用性、适应性和稳定性;提高机械产品质量与零件标准化、系列化和通用化。侯教授表示未来会加强机械智能化方面的研究,并且希望大蒜机械可以得到大面积普及,而不仅仅是停留在演示上。
西南大学工程技术学院丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室谢守勇教授(主任)
随后,西南大学工程技术学院丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室谢守勇教授(主任)作了《丘陵山地榨菜(青菜头)种收关键环节机械化现状及思考》报告。针对榨菜产业概况、榨菜产业发展存在的问题、榨菜种收现状、榨菜种收机械化研究成果、榨菜种收机械化建议等方面作了详细介绍。榨菜,尤其是重庆涪陵榨菜作为前段时间以来的“网红”食品,其产量和机械化程度也越来越受到重视。谢教授对榨菜种收机械化研究成果做了详细介绍,同时希望加强标准化研究,构建宜机化土地;加强榨菜种收机械化科研投入力度,弥补领域空白;加强区域性合作,开展通用和差异化研究;加强政研沟通,构建研发推广补助机制等,从而促进榨菜生产全面机械化。
云南省农业机械研究所产品事业部部长(工程师)杨云福
云南省农业机械研究所产品事业部部长(工程师)杨云福作了《食用玫瑰花瓣分选技术装备的研究》汇报,杨部长从食用玫瑰发展概况、食用玫瑰花瓣分选技术研究与研发、研发成果等几方面作了介绍。杨部长说,2018年云南省食用玫瑰种植面积达10万多亩,而传统的人工分选玫瑰花瓣方法费工费时,不利于农民增收。经统计,使用玫瑰花瓣分选成套设备可大大提高作业效率,每小时可代替100人工,能为玫瑰种植者带来较高的经济效益,同时也能带来很好的社会效益。杨部长说,这项技术解决了玫瑰花瓣分选机械化剥离和分离的难题,属国内*,当前已成功实现了成果转化、应用和推广,已在全国多个省份推广了38多台套,实现销售产值700余万元。
四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所研究室主任青学刚
会议后,四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所研究室主任青学刚作了《我国养蚕机械现状与建议》报告。青主任说,蚕在我国有几千年的历史,然而现在部分地区的养蚕方式还是在延续几百甚至几千年前的方法,养蚕机械化问题亟需解决。随后,青主任对养蚕机械研究现状作了详细介绍,目前的研发成果——机械化养蚕设备2.0采用模块化设计,每套设备独立运行,并配有智能控制系统,可实现机械给桑消毒、自动化连续养蚕。
青主任表示,中国是世界蚕桑生产的发祥地,蚕丝生产量是世界位的,我国蚕桑科技有些成果是的,这是我们的骄傲。希望我国养蚕机械可以机械发展壮大,让蚕桑多元化开拓更广阔的市场空间。
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