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山西省:“十四五”时期将加大马铃薯生产相关农机具补贴力度

2023-01-29 08:35:06 来源:农机网整理发布 阅读量:29561 评论

导读:日前,山西省农业农村厅编制并发布了《山西省“十四五”马铃薯产业发展规划》。

  【农机网 政策与标准】山西是我国马铃薯种薯、加工用薯和鲜食用薯生产的优势区域,种植历史悠久,气候条件适宜,海拔高、气候凉、温差大、光照足,有利于薯块膨大和淀粉积累,所产马铃薯品质好、干物质含量高、易加工。近年来,山西省马铃薯机械化水平不断提高,播种、中耕、植保、灌溉、杀秧、收获等机械化设备逐步推广应用,马铃薯生产全程机械化技术示范区建设逐步开展。
 
  尤其在脱贫攻坚期间,山西省重点支持贫困县建设脱毒种薯繁育基地、优质鲜薯和加工专用薯生产基地、种薯和鲜薯贮藏设施,在贫困县大力示范推广脱毒种薯、全程机械化、病虫害防治等技术,提升马铃薯生产效益,惠及了230万贫困人口,带动人均增收超过1000元。
 
  但目前,山西省马铃薯以小农户分散种植为主,规模化程度不高,栽培管理差异较大,耕种收各环节机械化水平低于相邻的内蒙古、河北等省份,整体生产水平还有待提高。山西省马铃薯产业发展存在“科技支撑依然薄弱,生产水平有待提升,加工产业发展滞后,品牌建设亟需加强”等问题。
 
  为贯彻落实《山西省人民政府办公厅关于加快推进马铃薯产业发展的实施意见》(晋政办发〔2021〕2号)和《山西省人民政府办公厅关于印发山西省“土豆革命”行动方案的通知》(晋政办发〔2021〕98号)的有关部署,山西省农业农村厅编制并发布了《山西省“十四五”马铃薯产业发展规划》。
 
  《山西省“十四五”马铃薯产业发展规划》提出,到2025年,全省马铃薯种植面积力争达到450万亩,其中现代加工型马铃薯种植基地发展到30万亩以上,单产高于全国平均水平,达到1700公斤/亩;脱毒种薯覆盖率达到80%,选育并引进新品种30个以上,贮藏能力达到350万吨,加工转化率达到50%以上。建成国家级马铃薯产业园1个、省级马铃薯产业园3个;全面打造“山西马铃薯”省级区域公用品牌;力争马铃薯全产业链产值突破170亿元,将马铃薯产业打造成我省特色农业的优势产品和乡村振兴的支撑产业,推动山西迈入全国马铃薯产业发展第一方阵。
 
  规划中将“高标准建设种薯制种基地”做为重点任务之一。以“县企共建方式”打造规范化、标准化、机械化、信息化种薯生产基地。建设原种生产基地3.6万亩、一级种薯繁育基地36万亩以上,配套水肥一体、微喷灌等高效节水技术,加大农业机械购机补贴,提升全程机械化作业水平,保证全省马铃薯脱毒种薯足量供应。加强种薯生产基地保护,推行种薯基地3年以上轮作模式,科学选定轮作作物,严格控制种薯基地土传病害。
 
  其中,还提出加快“三新”技术推广应用。
 
  在新技术方面,主要推广马铃薯有机旱作技术和马铃薯绿色优质高效集成技术模式,推行机械化垄作栽培、水肥一体化、黑膜覆盖、小拱棚等先进配套高效种植技术。
 
  在新品种方面,大力推广脱毒种薯应用,积极推广适合鲜食和加工的抗病抗逆专用新优品种应用,重点推广晋薯16号、青薯9号等鲜食晚熟品种,冀张薯12号、希森6号等鲜食中熟品种,费乌瑞它、中薯5号、早大白等鲜食早熟品种,因地制宜推广麦肯系列、夏波蒂、大西洋、布尔班克等加工型专用薯。
 
  在新机械方面,推进马铃薯机械化作业,促进农机农艺结合,在平川生产区域推广使用成熟大型一体新型农业机械,在以山地、坡地为主的区域大力引进、研发和推广使用适宜的中小型马铃薯专用机械。加大马铃薯全程机械化薄弱环节和丘陵山区等机具补贴力度,支持马铃薯生产经营主体购置播种、中耕、植保机械及起收、分级、精选、包装一体化收获机械,提高马铃薯耕种收的机械化水平。
 
  注:本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布,资料来源:山西省农业农村厅。
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